Motivation in the Workforce Essay - 3871 Words

Managing employees is cited as being the biggest problem to small business owners. This is because employers very often dont know how to handle employees. Effectively managing employees is a skill acquired through training and practice. Many books have been written on the subject, and courses are regularly offered through educational institutions. Motivation theories were developed or built upon the human relations findings. The new focus for motivation theory was on the search for satisfaction of human needs. This new approach swept through management thinking in the 1950s. Maslow (1954) offered his needs hierarchy according to which human beings have their needs arranged in a hierarchy such that they are motivated to†¦show more content†¦Their initial work in the 1920s found that workers (in a Philadelphia textile mill) who were given extra breaks and subsidized meals at work did improve their productivity; and when these extra rewards were taken away their effort fell back (see Mayo 1949). The research team then set up a major series of studies at the Hawthorne Works of the Western Electric Company which continued for ten years. Their aim was to study the effects of a range of fatigue-inducing factors such as levels of lighting, temperature, frequency of breaks, etc. in combination with an incentive payment by results system. If this research had produced the results expected at the outset, we would have had a prescription for high productivity based on lighting levels, temperature, frequency of meal breaks, health levels, etc. In some of their experiments the working environment was changed drastically to assess how this influenced productivity, but the results were a surprise at the time. There was a steady improvement in productivity throughout all the changes, even for instance when the lighting intensity was raised in imperceptible stages over a long period to a very bright intensity and then gradually reduced to that of a moonlit night. In their attempts to ensure that no other variables intervened in their experiments, the researchers had unwittingly changed one of the most important variables of all. They hadShow MoreRelatedEssay about Motivation in the Workforce554 Words   |  3 PagesMotivation is nothing but an effort by the managers to help people focus their minds and capabilities on doing their work as effectively and efficiently as possible. Trust is another key to motivate people to perform at their best. Effective interpersonal communication also helps to develop an environment that motivates employees. If the employees are aware what the expectations of the managers are they can perform their jobs more effectively. A truly motivating environment is one where employeesRead MoreMotivation Theories Of A Diverse Workforce During Times Of Change Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership, Motivation, Change Introduction In this paper two motivation theories in a diverse workforce during times of change will be discuss. Differences, including theoretical premises, between two models will be explained. 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