Character of Catcher in the Rye essays

Character of Catcher in the Rye essays Holden is the protagonist and the narrator of the novel. He is a 16-year-old junior who has been expelled from Pencey Prep for academic failure. Holden is very intelligent, and sensitive, but he narrated the novel in a cynical and jaded tone. He thinks everyone is phony, and believes that he looks much older than he his. Ackley is Holdens next-door neighbor in the dormitory at Pencey Prep. Ackley often barges into Holdens room and doesnt seem to take the hint to leave. Stradlater is Holdens roommate at Pencey Prep. He is a handsome, self-satisfied, and popular, but he is in Holdens words, a secret slob. He appears well groomed, but his razor and other toiletries are disgustingly filthy. Holden spent a lot of time with Jane one summer in Maine. Jane never actually appears in the book, but Holden talks about her all the time because she is one of the few girls Holden respects and finds attractive. Phoebe is Holdens younger sister, whom he loves dearly. Although she is six years younger than Holden, she listens to what he says and understands him more than other people. Allie is Holdens younger brother who died of leukemia three years before the start of the novel. Holden describes him as a brilliant, friendly, redheaded boy. Allie was the smartest of the Caulfields and Holden is tormented by his death. D.B. is Holdens older brother who wrote a collection of short stories, which Holden loves. D.B. lives in Hollywood and prostitutes his writing talents by writing for Hollywood movies. Sally is a very attractive girl that Holden has known and dated for a long time. Holden thinks that Sally is stupid. Mr. Spencer is Holdens history teacher at Pencey Prep, who unsuccessfully tries to sh ...

How to become a substitute teacher

How to become a substitute teacher Substitute teachers are the pinch hitters of the education world: they step in when needed and help keep the game running smoothly. These educators are key to making sure that the school day continues on even when the regular classroom teacher can’t be there- whether that’s for a sick day or a longer-term absence. What does a substitute teacher do?Substitute teachers are educators who are employed by a school or school district as a kind of floater. When a full-time teacher is unavailable for any reason, the substitute teacher can take his or her place in the classroom for a period of time, continuing the lessons and plans set by the full-time teacher. They’re fully trained educators and are typically experienced in the subject for which they’re filling in.A substitute teacher’s duties may include:Teaching lessons as outlined by the full-time teacherDeveloping lesson plans for longer-term assignmentsManaging classroom behaviorMonitoring other school activities like the lunch, recess, or bus activityThe workday for a substitute teacher is typically a six- or seven-hour standard school day, though fulfilling the full-time teacher’s duties may call for the substitute to handle after-school or extracurricular activities as well. Substitutes may work during the regular school year or during special sessions like summer school or night school. Like full-time teachers, substitutes might choose to specialize in particular subject areas, particularly at the middle school or high school level.What skills do substitute teachers need?Substitute teachers need to be able to step in for full-time teachers with minimal interruption to the classroom, so they need to have essentially the same set of skills- with a bit more flexibility thrown in.Teaching Skills:Â  Whether they’re working with lesson plans set by the full-time teacher or their own plans, substitutes need to be able to teach concepts and skills to students.Organizat ional Skills:Â  Substitute teachers are responsible for keeping the classroom organized and running efficiently in the full-time teacher’s absence, so it’s crucial to be able to step into a potentially unknown situation, understand what the full-time teacher was working on, and pick up that ball and run with it. Classroom management is essential to the job.Patience:Â  Like with every educator, the substitute teacher will be faced with students of varying abilities, behavior, personality, etc. A strong sense of patience goes a long way in this career path, especially when there are students who have trouble dealing with interruptions in the classroom.Flexibility:Â  By its nature, this job calls for flexibility. Your classroom today might not be your classroom tomorrow- or it might be your classroom for the next six months. If you need a consistent routine and consistent details from day to day, this might not be the best teaching path for you. But if you love the ide a of working with different people on different projects from day to day, this flexible attitude can be a major asset.What do you need to become a substitute teacher?Each school or district has its own policies about substitute teachers. Some require substitute teachers to be fully certified by the state. Others require a four-year degree, while some require a minimum of a high school degree. It’s important to check with your target school district to see what they require and what you’ll need to have.How much do substitute teachers get paid?According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for substitute teachers is $30,900, or $14.86 per hour. This can vary depending on the teacher’s experience, as well as the type of school.What’s the outlook for substitute teachers?The education field is continually growing as local populations grow and create more students. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics expects that the demand for subst itute teachers will grow about as fast as average for all jobs through 2024.

Palliative Care for Urinary Tract Infections in Elderly Patients Essay

Palliative Care for Urinary Tract Infections in Elderly Patients - Essay Example By an extension, the principles of a model of medical reflection also provide a cyclical model which will enable me to reflect upon this problem and subsequently examine my nursing practice as a founding point for further development and improvement in the nursing profession. Description In this paper I will be reflecting on an experience with a patient who was suffering from urinary tract infection, dehydration and dementia, whom I encountered during my community placement. This patient was suffering from Urinary tract infection and dehydration and had been transferred to the ward from Emergency Medical Unit (EMU). The patient was also suffering from dementia and during the handover it was mentioned that she could be both verbally and physically aggressive. It was also handed over that she had intravenous (IV) fluids prescribed and needed a cannula insertion as she had removed the one previously in place. This involved a patient who will be referred to as Mrs P, in order to maintain confidentiality and anonymity (NMC 2008). Mrs P was an elderly 79-year old woman who was suffering from dehydration and urinary tract infection. Mrs P had also been diagnosed with dementia, and was reported as being aggressive both physically and verbally. Feelings Initially when we opted to insert the cannula into the patient initially she agreed to our intentions only to turn aggressive and unmanageable, later my mentor advised the matron to insert the cannula, which she did though without the patient’s consent, as the patient shouted and almost made the whole process impossible. I was disturbed by these two related events, first, the patient’s aggressiveness and two, our forceful way to inserting the cannula into the patient. Thus these situations brought in me a need to find out more about the patient and their condition, and the consequences of the matron’s decision. When I met the patient I felt sympathetic towards her and her insistence to refusing the c annula insertion given her general condition. A mixture of thoughts crossed my mind, although I could understand why she did not want to undergo the process, but this thought was not conclusive for me as a medical student. On reflection it seemed a positive experience as it allowed me to see how people cope differently with medical conditions, and the impact it has on the patient and the entire therapeutic process. Evaluation During this experience I thought that the nursing team had built a good professional relationship with the patient and therapeutic process. The patient had plenty of time to discuss any concerns or issues that she had and any of her reasons for refusal the cannula insertion. In my mind, I had theorized that the issues that had been discussed or ought to be discussed included issues such as symptom management; how the patient is feeling is important and needs to be taken into consideration. This would also need to be discussed with her partner alone, to find out how she is feeling and to find the best medical alternative for her treatment. This is why the Visual Analogue Scale could have been helpful for monitoring the progression of the patient’s condition (Crichton 2001). Since I have used the tool before, I find it to be beneficial for effective monitoring of patient’s condition because it was a good indicator as to when we would need to adjust her analgesia using the World Health Organization (WHO)Â  analgesic ladder (WHO, 2005).

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Philosophy - Essay Example Modern philosophical thinking tries to explain the theory of cognition thereby trying to explain why and how the events take place and subsequent pattern of behaviour of man under certain condition involving emotional and metaphysical reaction. Philosophy can be broadly defined as an attempt to explain the sequence of events or happenings around us that directly or indirectly influence our actions and reactions in our daily life. It makes special efforts to examine and evaluate the thought processes and principles regarding truth, duty and knowledge about the things in general. Hence, philosophy is that branch of social science that tries to interpret everything and anything in the wider empirical consideration of our experiences of conscious and unconscious manifestations of our being. It therefore, can be said that each of us, follow a definite philosophy which guides our actions and our efforts to gain knowledge. Philosophy, with its wide ranging implications and its inherent tendency of examination and evaluation of ideas and events, is amalgamation of all areas of learning and encompasses all fields of social sciences. â€Å"Philosophy is the most inclusive of all branches of learning, and acts as a touchstone to all other aspects of human knowledge† (Sw. Krishnanand). Where all other branches of social sciences like biology, physics, sociology, history etc., work towards explaining and researching subjects and areas that come within its precinct, philosophy and philosophical thoughts promote learning through the application of various fields of social science as well as explaining through the metaphysical aspect of the experiences and events. Various philosophers like Aristotle, Pluto, Hume etc. have espoused philosophies regarding different aspect of our life’s ideologies and concept of living a moral and ethical life. The philosophy is part and parcel of every human being and he or she exhibit

The food Pip Essay Example for Free

The food Pip Essay Magwitch had been sent to Australia to work, and if he ever returned to Britain he would be sentenced for death. Pip did not expect a convict to be his benefactor he couldnt image such a dirty, poor, old man to give him that much amount of money. He wanted to get rid of Magwitch as soon as possible. However pip develops a real affection for Magwitch. Magwitch tell pip about Compeyson the man who made Miss Havisham the way she is. Pip gradually becomes fond of Magwitch. Pip tries to help Magwitch by smuggling him out of London by sea. As they were doing this they were being watched by Compeyson- who is terrified of Magwitch. As they are about to get on to the steamer, Magwitch fights Compeyson the two men fall in to the sea in the struggle Compeyson drowns. Pip dives in to the sea to rescue Magwitch. Once they are on dry land the escape failed and Magwitch is found guilty of returning to England. He was sentenced to death but he was dying anyway. He had caught something in the polluted sea; he swallowed the dirty water and became ill. Pip nurses Magwitch and starts to love Magwitch. Pip learns that Magwitch grew up without parents in a brutal society. Society did little for him. He blames society it forced him into becoming involved with some dodgy people. By Magwitch returning pip realises that he has mistreated those who were truly dear to him, like Joe who is always faithful towards Pip. The courts are incapable of showing compassion. Magwitch came back to Britain out of love for Pip. Eventually Pip learns that Magwitch has been generous towards him so he feels the need to return it. Pip realises that Magwitch is also human. Pip understands the true depth of the sacrifice that Magwitch has made for him. Pip is made to un-learn every thing that he has learnt to re-discover the importance of human relations. Dickens gave pip a chance to become more than he is only to have reverted back to the old kind and pleasant Pip. Pip learns that he cannot change who he is inside from Magwitch. Magwitch uses Pip as his revenge on Society. He uses pip like a doll and moulded it into a gentleman. Compeyson got a lighter sentence because of his status he wanted pip to have the same advantage. Dickens tries to tell us something about the legal system at the time in the twentieth century. However Magwitch s motives were not only revenge but also gratitude for the food Pip gave him. Pip could have turned a blind eye to Magwitch when he was in his hour of need. Magwitch develops a fatherly affection towards Pip. Magwitch relates pip to his daughter who he lost. Magwitch though that his little girl had been killed but pip told him that she was well and he was in love with her. Magwitch teaches pip that there are two meanings behind the term Gentleman 1. Is the status and class.

Being There - A Bit More Like Chance Essay -- Being There Essays

Being There - A Bit More Like Chance While watching the movie Being There, the viewer begins to notice just how different the book and the movie are. While the book appeals more to the reader's emotions, the movie gives a comical outlook on the problems faced in both the book and the movie. The contrast between the two places them into separate categories--a touching story about a man trapped in a world of which he knows nothing about and a satirical comedy about the very same man. The book interests its audience, making them hungry to know more; the movie involves its audience, feeding that hunger for more details. Jerzy Kosinski's short novel, also titled Being There, is a bit more serious than his movie version of the same story . Here, the President is shown as a dignified individual and only on a professional basis. After speaking with Chance and quoting him in his speech, the President has his staff work diligently to find out more about Chauncey Gardiner. The movie, however, actually shows, quite humorously, how Chance's mysterious past affects the President and his personal life, a subject not touched in the book. Many scenes show the President and his wife in their bedroom a nd his wife wanting more than just casual conversation. The President is so preoccupied with the lack of information he is receiving about Chance that he cannot oblige his wife. Kosinski suggests in the book that Chance is something of an exceptional individual. Cha nce sees things on an entirely different, perhaps higher, level than most people. Before his television appearance, Chance thinks to himself, "Television reflected only people's surfaces; it also kept peeling away their images fro... ...ance is almost biblical. Is this the feeling that Kosinski intends? What exactly is he trying to say? Both the book and the movie leave their audiences with many unanswered questions. Although the book and the movie are two versions of the same story, it seems, in the end, that Kosinski intends almost the opposite effect. The book leaves its readers to believe that the story is about a confused man trying to make it in a new world, by telling of both his struggles and triumphs. The movie leaves its viewers with the notion that the story is a lighthearted comedy about a man who is so aloof that he does not even sense the new world aroun d him. So it seems, in a sense, that both of Kosinski's versions of Being There leave the audience with an opinion that is bit more innocent, a bit more inquisitive, a bit more confused -- a bit more like Chance.

Compare and Contrast Gatsby’s and Myrtles Parties

At the end of Chapter 2 and at the beginning of Chapter 3, we find Nick describing two different parties, the first one Myrtle's, the second Gatsby's. The parties are very different themselves; they contain two completely contrasting settings, at opposite ends of the spectrum. Myrtle's party is at the lower end of the spectrum, and seems to be the ‘wannabe party', where most of the people there are the people who wish to become the people who attend Gatsby's party, who are the rich and famous. This contrast of attendees to the parties is very interesting, and in my view, portrays how society in 1920's America was. People wanted to be rich, and followed how the people who were rich to as close as they possibly could. Myrtle's party is a very interesting scenario, in all of its forms. Myrtles apartment even shows how she is determined to live the upper class lifestyle. The description of the apartment (â€Å"a small living room, a small dining room, a small bedroom, and a bath. â€Å") Shows how poor it really is, and may also show how poor Myrtle is. The apartment also shows Myrtle's undying desperation and need to be seen as rich, mostly shown in the items inside the apartment. † tapistried furniture entirely too large for it (the apartment) † The furniture is symbolic of Myrtle in many ways, it can be seen that she is desperate to be seen as rich, and so she buys items that are too large for her own restrictions on life. It could also be seen that the ‘furniture entirely too large for it' shows that Myrtle's desires for life are too large for what she can manage, and so they seem to become cumbersome, and become intrusive in everything that she does. ladies swinging in the gardens of Versailles† is showing the type of lifestyle Myrtle wants to have, and it is the lifestyle that Daisy and Jordan have achieved. This continues to show the desperation of Myrtle, as she is trying to gain the ‘touch of class' wherever she can, and this desperation is amplified when we see how much of a following she has on celebrities lives (â€Å"several old copies of Town Tattle†) it seems she is hoping that if she reads and learns how celebrities live, she will pick up that lifestyle and become one also. The people who go to the party help show what the party is trying to portray. Catherine, Myrtle's sister, is exactly the same as Myrtle in many ways. She is portrayed by Nick as very fake, and possibly a ‘Gold digger', but the reality is that she is just trying to gain security, and the best way to do that in the 1920's was to find a rich husband. Mr. McKee is a photographer, and we can tell by the way he asks enthusiastically to Tom about possibly photographing his family, that he also desperate and trying to ‘make it big'. This is further reinforced at the end of the chapter, where McKee is drunk, half naked and still showing his portfolio to people, in this case, Nick. This shows the perseverance people at this time had to become rich, and how much they needed to force their particular medium on people to get a chance to become rich, but also to preserve their dreams. Tom, at this time, is at the party to escape his life with Daisy, and it is interesting how differently he treats Myrtle and Daisy, but also the similarities. Tom seems to be more willing to spend on Myrtle, for example, the apartment itself and the dog. It is obvious that Tom only wishes to use Myrtle, and thus the apartment, for sex, which is why he has spent so little on it, as it only contains what he requires. However, there are similarities in how he treats Daisy and Myrtle. For example, he will not allow either of them to have their own says if they are not the same as his, and how brutally he treats them if they do not . We see this in plain view when he breaks Myrtle's nose. This shows how he believes in a patriarchal society, and shows how he can bring he back down to reality with one deft blow. Gatsby's party is so much different from Myrtle's it is unrecognizable. Gatsby's party is extremely extravagant, and everything Myrtle wants hers to be. His vastness of wealth is shown in many ways, such as â€Å"‘his Rolls Royce became an omnibus', ‘five crates of oranges and lemons', ‘enough coloured lights to make a Christmas tree', ‘pitful of oboes and trombones'† All of these show off how much wealth Gatsby has, and it is even more amplified with the knowledge that these parties are common occurrences. The descriptions given also seem to be very biblical, such as â€Å"pyramid of pulpless halves†. This imagery may show the fact that the pyramid is made of ‘pulpless halves' shows the people who go to these parties are the kind of people that are in the magazines that Myrtle reads, which are known to be very superficial. The fact that Gatsby is still mainly called â€Å"my neighbour† shows that he is still very mysterious, even though he continuously throws these large parties. This is an interesting contrast, we expect people who throw such parties to be the type of people who show off, or who are celebrities. In other words, the type of people Myrtle aspires to be like. However, Gatsby is not like this, we know he throws parties with such exuberance and enthusiasm, and yet we have only seen a glimpse of the character himself, and we have not as of yet heard a piece of dialogue from him. This is probably why Nick is so interested in him, as he does not fit into the mould that people expect him to. There is no specific people mentioned who go to Gatsby's party, apart from Catherine in the previous chapter. The other people are only described as â€Å"enthusiastic meetings between women who never knew each other's names† This description shows who the type of people go to Gatsby's parties, they seem to be very superficial, and the stereotypical ‘rich person' we can compare this with Myrtle's party, where almost everyone there, excluding Tom, wants to become rich, but they do not think about the consequences of such a thing and will possibly fall into this stereotype, or see it as the right way to be. We can see contrasts between the two parties in many areas, such as the fact Myrtle's party feels very cramped, whereas Gatsby's is very open. This shows the value of life and wealth these two people have, as well as their ambitions. Myrtle's overwhelming ambition to be rich and famous controls as to what she does, which is to do anything she can and nothing else to get her dream. Gatsby's position in life means that he can do what with his life, making his party personify his freedoms. Overall, we are shown two different sides of 1920's America. We see the Hollywood-style America, with Gatsby's party, where everyone is having a fantastic time, even if it is all very hollow. But we are also seen the underbelly of America, with all the opportunists in one place trying to use the wealthiest person there to boost themselves upwards. This, could be said, to be the reality of the American Dream. To make it big, you need to use every chance you can get and make all of the risks you can chance to make it, and if you don't, you fall down the ladder and have to start again.